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Tariq Aziz ((アラビア語:طارق عزيز) , born Mikhail Yuhanna, ', (アラビア語:ميخائيل يوحنا) ', baptized Manuel Christo; 28 April 1936 – 5 June 2015) was an Iraqi Foreign Minister (1983–1991) and Deputy Prime Minister (1979–2003) and a close advisor of President Saddam Hussein. Their association began in the 1950s when both were activists for the then-banned Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. Although he was an Arab nationalist he was in fact an ethnic Assyrian, and a member of the Chaldean Catholic Church.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Free Tariq Aziz )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Minority Rights Group International : Iraq : Chaldeans )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tariq Aziz Faces Trial in Iraq )〕 Because of security concerns, Saddam rarely left Iraq, so Aziz would often represent Iraq at high-level diplomatic summits. What the United States wanted, he averred, was not "regime change" in Iraq but rather "region change". He said that the Bush Administration's reasons for war were "oil and Israel." After surrendering to American forces on 24 April 2003, Aziz was held in prison, first by American forces and subsequently by the Iraqi government, in Camp Cropper in western Baghdad.〔(U.S. Attack Near Baghdad Reported to Kill at Least 4500 (NY Times) )〕 He was acquitted of some charges on 1 March 2009 following a trial, but was sentenced to 15 years on 11 March 2009 for the executions of 42 merchants found guilty of profiteering in 1992 and another 7 years for relocating Kurds. On 26 October 2010, he was sentenced to death by the Iraqi High Tribunal, which sparked regional and international condemnation from Iraqi bishops and other Iraqis, the Vatican, the United Nations, the European Union and the human rights organization Amnesty International, as well as various governments around the world, such as Russia. On 28 October 2010, it was reported that Tariq Aziz, as well as 25 fellow prison inmates, had begun a hunger strike to protest the fact that they could not receive their once-monthly visit from friends and relatives, which was normally set for the last Friday of each month. Iraqi President Jalal Talabani declared that he would not sign Aziz's execution order, thus commuting his sentence to indefinite imprisonment.〔(Iraq president refuses to sign execution order for Tariq Aziz ''Daily Telegraph'', 17 November 2010 )〕 Aziz remained in custody the rest of his life and died of a heart attack in the city of Nasiriyah on 5 June 2015, aged 79.〔(Saddam Hussein aide Tariq Aziz dies at age 79 New York Post, June 5, 2015 )〕 == Early life and education == Mikhail Yuhanna (English: Michael John) was born on 28 April 1936, in the Iraqi-Assyrian town of Tel Keppe in northern Iraq,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=معاهدة جبر- بيفن صنعته سياسيًا ووجد في البعث ضالته! طارق عزيز رجل الدبلوماسية والنظارات السميكة وال )〕 to an ethnic Assyrian family, members of the Chaldean Catholic church. He studied English at Baghdad University and later worked as a journalist, before joining the Ba'ath Party in 1957. He changed his distinctly Christian name to the more Arabic sounding Tariq Aziz to gain acceptance by the Arab and Muslim majority. In 1963, he was editor of the newspaper ''Aj-Jamahir'' (al-Jamaheer) and al Thawra, the newspaper of the Ba'ath party.〔Hanna Batatu, ''The Old Social Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq'' (Princeton, 1978).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tariq Aziz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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